Speed Skating: Athleticism for the Deep Crouch

Why isn't regular leg training enough for speed skating? How to train the specific strength endurance for the crouch, from slide board to inline.

Sport: Eislaufen · Level: Intermediate

Introduction

The short answer: speed skating athleticism differs from regular leg training because your muscles don't move up and down, they work isometrically and eccentrically in a deep bend for minutes at a time. A classic squat program only partially hits that stimulus.

The reason lies in race reality: you hold the deep crouch (knee angle roughly 90 to 110 degrees) for the entire race, not just for individual reps. In allrounders — athletes who race multiple distances — studies show a decisive difference from pure sprinters: both groups reach similar VO2max values, but allrounders have a noticeably higher aerobic and anaerobic threshold. Translated: their muscles sustain the load longer before acidosis destroys technique.

Elite skaters sit in a VO2max range of roughly 70 to 80 ml/kg/min — values otherwise reached only by elite cross-country skiers or professional cyclists. That's no coincidence: the deep, static crouch position compresses blood circulation in the legs, which additionally taxes the cardiovascular system — a load regular running training simply doesn't produce.

Because the lateral push motion barely occurs in everyday life, many clubs rely on the slide board — a smooth training board with bumpers at both ends, on which you simulate speed skating's lateral gliding motion, entirely without ice. It trains exactly the muscle groups and direction of movement that classic strength training overlooks.

Train Smart. Play Hard. — for athleticism that means: don't load more weight, hold the right position longer and cleaner.

What You Need

Step by Step

1. Understand the specific loading stimulus

Your leg muscles work in a deep bend for minutes at a time in speed skating, with short explosive pushes in between — a mix of strength endurance and explosive power that classic gym training rarely targets specifically.

2. Use the slide board deliberately

Practice the lateral glide and push motion on the slide board to train exactly the muscles that deliver forward drive on ice. It transfers more directly to race technique than pure leg pressing in the gym.

3. Build in HIIT sensibly

High-intensity intervals measurably raise VO2max and anaerobic performance in young skaters, while moderate continuous training shows barely any effect. Shorter, more explosive intervals suit sprint distances; longer intervals with a bigger aerobic share suit long distance.

4. Train the crouch isometrically

Hold the deep crouch — upper body tilted forward, knee angle around 90 to 110 degrees — for progressively longer periods without movement. This muscular endurance decides who holds technique through the full race distance.

5. Use summer for inline skating

Inline skates train gliding, lateral push and cornering together on asphalt — a more holistic transfer than isolated strength training. Many clubs build their entire summer season around exactly this.

Common Mistakes

Safety

Isometric training in a deep crouch is unusually intense for knees and lower back. Increase hold times gradually and stop as soon as technique breaks down under fatigue — bad reps groove in just as much as good ones.

For slide board training, clean footwear with the right covers matters so you don't slip. And for summer training on inline skates: helmet and pads are mandatory, asphalt forgives falls far less than ice.

Pro Tip

Measure your progress not just in weights but in hold time in the crouch position. A simple metric — how long you hold the position cleanly before technique breaks down — often tells you more about race readiness than any squat personal best.

A training trick: combine slide board sessions directly with short isometric hold phases at the end — that exact fatigue simulates the final laps of a long race.

FAQ

Why isn't regular strength training enough for speed skating?

Because race loading is isometric-eccentric in a deep bend for minutes, not just short dynamic reps like a classic squat. Slide board and isometric crouch drills target that stimulus more specifically.

What is a slide board and what do I need it for?

A smooth training board with bumpers at both ends, on which you practice speed skating's lateral gliding motion without ice. It trains exactly the muscles and direction of movement classic leg training overlooks.

How high is the VO2max of elite speed skaters?

Allrounders typically sit in a range of roughly 70 to 80 ml/kg/min — comparable to elite cross-country skiers or professional cyclists. Sprinters reach similar VO2max values but a lower aerobic and anaerobic threshold than allrounders.

Does high-intensity interval training really beat endurance training?

In young skaters, studies show clear improvements in VO2max and anaerobic power from HIIT, while moderate continuous training shows barely measurable effects. Interval structure should be tailored to your target distance.

Key Takeaways

Next guide

Speed Skating: Back, Groin and Typical Strain Injuries

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